1	1935-1950 From American Reading Instruction by Nila Banton Smith, Pages 247-286
2	Period of International Conflict Birthday of the atomic age At end of war, US plagued by many problems Labor disputes Food shortages Shortages of clothing and shelter Russian aggression Reduced numbers of teachers
3	Shift in Viewpoints on Reading Shift from seeing reading as literary appreciation Move to thinking about reading as a driving force for democracy
4	National Education Association Published study that showed that no progress had been made in teaching reading This brought about a renewed emphasis on systematic reading instruction
5	Radio Days The radio became a “threat” to reading Fears that listening to the radio, viewing movies, and reading comics would reduce interest in reading
6	A Good School Reading Program Directed toward specific valid ends that have been agreed upon by entire school staff Coordinates reading activities with other aids to child development Recognizes that children’s development in reading is linked to development in other language arts Is part of a well-worked-out larger reading program extending through all the elementary and secondary grades Provides varied instruction and flexible requirements as a means of making adjustments for specific students Provides adequate guidance Makes special provisions for those with extreme reading difficulties Provides for frequent evaluation
7	Key Figures E.W. Dolch—surveyed books and found 220 "service words" (pronouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and verbs) and 95 nouns which occurred again and again in children's books Nila Banton Smith—The Learning to Read Program which included stories written by well-known authors of children’s literature
8	Methods of Teaching Ginn Basic Readers—language skills accompanied specific reading lessons and teachers’ guides suggested procedures for teaching, with skills that could be taught in other content areas Teaching of reading fits into child’s mental, physical, and social development Context clues and structural analysis appears for the first time Visual discrimination and auditory discrimination were new terms Phonics taught with greater emphasis and all phonic elements were covered by the end of the third gradeM
9	Reading Disabilities Development of the multiple-causation theory of reading disability Studies looked at causes of disability and looked into fields of physiology and psychology Schools established “reading clinics” where students could get extra help and where teachers would be trained in remedial reading techniques